Using participatory GIS to bridge knowledge divides among the Onge of Little Andaman Island, India.

Authors

  • Anindita Bhattacharyya

Keywords:

GIS, India, local knowledge, natural resource management

Abstract

This case study explores how participatory GIS techniques are applied among the native community of the Onge in the island of Andaman. GIS techniques can contribute to empirical understanding of indigenous knowledge systems in the natural resources management processes and techniques as applied in this region. Furthermore, GIS techniques also illustrate the apparent knowledge divide and anomalies between indigenous and scientific knowledge systems and the Onge community. The main research method used for the study was participant observation, open end questionnaire and participatory GIS (PGIS). Through this technology, data on natural resource management (NRM) practices amongst the Onge community were collected, interpreted and then extrapolated on participatory GIS modules. The researcher worked with the Onge community using a hand-held GPS system, recording the coordinates and activities performed. These coordinates were plotted on the base map of the Forest Department of Andaman using Remote Sensing and GIS cells, with the help of GIS software. The method gave a clear picture of the community?s resource distribution (land coverage and usage patterns) and resource usage, control and access (hunting, gathering, fishing, grazing, mining and harvesting from the wild). Further, it contributed to the identification and understanding of places of historic, cultural and religious significance, providing insight into the community?s metaphysical vision and their hazard perception (e.g. related to the tsunami). The exercise revealed many of the socio-economic, bio-physical and cultural components ? and their interlinkages ? of Little Andaman. The generated data can be used for better planning, monitoring and evaluation of the existing resources. Further, it can help policy makers develop a more participatory, stakeholder-involved development policy. PGIS for NRM helps improve communication between scientific and indigenous communities, bridging knowledge divides and contributing to sustainable development.

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Published

2007-01-15